bank foreclosure

With office space selling 30% below the 2007 high in the top-10 US office markets, and with lease rates still falling, one should expect to see more foreclosures in major cities.

Chicago is about to be hit says Crain's Chicago Business in Office tower at 500 W. Monroe flirts with foreclosure — again

A Georgia firm that holds two junior mortgages on the 46-story tower at 500 W. Monroe St. says the building's loans went unpaid when they came due this month and that the company may foreclose and take control of the property.

It would be the first foreclosure of a major office tower in the Loop in 11 years and a sign that the market remains mired in the hangover of the debt-stoked valuation bubble that peaked in mid-2007. That's when Broadway Partners Fund Manager LLC, a once high-flying New York firm, bought 500 W. Monroe for $336.7 million, with a package of loans that made up more than 95% of the purchase price.

“These are the situations that have gotten awfully complex,” says Dan Fasulo, managing director at New York-based Real Capital Analytics Inc., a commercial real estate research firm. “This one looks untenable.”

Mr. Fasulo reckons that 500 W. Monroe could be worth about $240 million today, based on an estimate of the building's net operating income and the return investors would expect since the tower is just 70% leased. That would put its current value at roughly 30% below the 2007 purchase price, a decline in line with national trends. A report last week by New York-based Moody's Investors Service showed property values in the top 10 U.S. office markets have plummeted 31% since the 2007 peak.

Should 500 W. Monroe fall into foreclosure, it's unlikely to be the last, given the recession-stymied demand for office space and the wave of big loan maturities in coming years. Lenders so far largely have been willing to extend those loans, but that could change.

“This is an early canary in the coal mine,” says Rick Schuham, a Chicago-based executive vice-president at Studley Inc., a firm that represents office tenants. “There are plenty of tough stories out there.”

Big Wave of Commercial Foreclosures Coming

Bernanke's stimulus efforts did next to nothing for residential housing, and absolutely nothing for commercial real estate. With a wave of maturities coming due, and with lease prices still dropping, pressures on commercial real estate are enormous.

Moreover, it is crystal clear that the economy is headed back towards recession, assuming of course one believes the recession that started in 2007 ever ended.

I suggest the recession never ended in light of the fact 3rd Quarter GDP Likely Negative.

How much patience lenders have in a weakening economic environment to restructure loans remains to be seen, but surely it isn't infinite.

Big Wave of Bank Failures Coming

Given that regional banks are in general the ones with the most commercial real estate exposure, it should not be too difficult to look one step ahead and see the effects of another economic downturn on mid-sized banks.

Recovery a "Statistical Mirage"

Brace yourself because the recovery of 2009 was nothing but a statistical mirage fueled by unsustainable government spending and bank bailouts. That mirage is rapidly fading off into the sunset.

Mike "Mish" Shedlock
http://globaleconomicanalysis.blogspot.com
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Demand: fewer new households

Household creation depends on the state of the economy. The combination of high unemployment, weak wage and salary growth, and tight credit has led to a decline in household growth over the past few years. The two main surveys of household formation from the Census Bureau – the Housing Vacancy Survey and Current Population Survey – show that about 500,000 households were created annually over the past three years compared to an annual average of about 1.2 million during the first half of the decade (Figure 6). How can we explain such a notable drop in household formation?

Moving in with the folks

The obvious answer is to look at homeownership rates, which have tumbled to 66.9% from a peak of 69.2% in 4Q04. This translates to a loss of nearly 2.5 mn homeowners. Most of these homeowners became renters, which means they remain a household, but not all. As can be seen by the surge in the rental vacancy rate to 10.6%, it seems that there was not a perfect shift from homeowners to renters (Figure 7). This begs the question: what happened to these former households? There was doubling up among economically stressed households; in other words people moved in with friends or family. Many of these former homeowners were probably foreclosure victims (Figure 8).

As Figure 8 shows, household formation can also decline if there are fewer young households created to replace the aging homeowners. Given the nearly 10 point surge in the unemployment rate among 16 to 24 year olds from the trough to peak during this cycle, it seems like this was a considerable factor. A recent paper sponsored by the Research Institute for Housing America estimates that the probability of a young adult forming a household declines by 4% during a recession, and up to 10% if unemployed. In addition to the slowdown in “headship rates” domestically, there was a drop in household formation from immigration. According to the Office of Immigration Statistics at the Department of Homeland Security, the number of unauthorized immigrants decline by 1.0 million from 2007 to 2009 compared to a net gain of 1.3 million from 2005 to 2007.

Household growth to improve, but with a lag

Household formation will naturally pick up as the economy improves, but if our forecast for a sluggish recovery is realized, household growth will also be lackluster. The main factor influencing household growth will be the state of the labor market. The above-referenced paper finds that the unemployment rate must fall by 2pp from current levels to return to normal rates of household formation of about 1.2-1.4 million a year. We do not expect the unemployment rate to reach the mid-7% range until 2013, implying another two and a half years of sluggish household formation of about 800,000 a year. This is also when we expect the pace of foreclosures to slow notably, which means that fewer households will have to double-up.

Looking ahead to 2013 and beyond, we use forecasts from the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University. They present two possible trajectories for household growth: 1) an average of 1.48 million annually through 2020 assuming net immigration returns to the 2000-05 pace and headship rates at 2008 levels; and 2) an average of 1.25 million annually through 2020 assuming the same 2008 headship rates but slower immigration. We believe the latter is more likely and use this as our baseline forecast (Figure 9).

Renters will take market share

Although we expect household formation to start to improve in 2013, the homeownership rate should still fall further, suggesting that most of the gain in households will be due to an increase in renters. This is because there is still a considerable number of homeowners with mortgages in some stage of delinquency that are likely to end in foreclosure. Based on data from the Mortgage Bankers Association, there are about 5.5 mn seriously delinquent mortgages currently outstanding.

A recent paper by economists at the NY Federal Reserve (Haughwout, Andrew, Richard Peach, Joseph Tracy. “The Homeownership Gap”, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Current Issues in Economics and Finance, Volume 16, Number 5, May 2010) attempts to quantify the effective lower bound for the homeownership rate. They make the assumption that underwater borrowers (negative equity), who currently account for about a quarter of mortgage holders, will transition to renters over time. Subtracting these underwater borrowers yields an “effective homeownership rate” of 61.6% (Figure 10). This would be a record low in the data which goes back to 1965. We do not expect such a precipitous drop because not all underwater homeowners will become renters. Indeed, a recent study by Trulia.com and RealtyTrac found that 59% of respondents would not go into foreclosure simply because of negative equity. We believe it is more likely that the homeownership rate will bottom at 65%, returning to mid-1990s levels.

It is plainly obvious why the demand-side is so often ignored in polite conversation: it is the consumer-driven aspect of the house price variable, over which neither the Fed, nor the Treasury, nor the FHA has any authority, and which is a function purely of expectations of the future. Alas, those right now are lously and getting worse. We expect that Demand-side housing economics will take on progressively more importance in the future, as it becomes obvious that no amount of Supply-side tinkering will prevent another 20% drop in prices.

And speaking of Supply, this is also a critical factor, if much more prevalent in the daily media. Alas, that in itself does not make the problem any easier to resolve.

eric seiger

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